Research Project on Gandhi
Gandhi was born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in 1869 in a coastal town of Porbandar, now part of the Indian state of Gujarat. Gandhi’s father was the chief administrator and member of the court of Probandar. His Grandfather was the same in the tiny state of Junagadh.
Gandhi grew up in a largely devoted Hindu cult of Vishnu or Vaishnaites. He was also exposed to Christian missionaries but this made no significant presence in his childhood.
Gandhi was a shy and mediocre student, and completed his school education with average results. He was married to Kasturbai when they were both 13 years old.
Gandhi left for England in 1888 to train a lawyer after he had given his mother a pledge to keep away from women, wine and meat. He began his life in England as an English gentleman but as his money ran out better sense prevailed and Gandhi turned to more serious English life. Yet Gandhi’s career failed as he was too shy and began work as an application drafter. In 1893 he was asked to move back to India to work for a Muslim lawyer firm. He was intending to spend 1 year there but instead spent 21.
South Africa changed Gandhi’s life. When Gandhi arrived in South Africa and he was on a train to Pretoria he was thrown off it in the middle of the night and was left shivering in the waiting room for the rest of the night.
In April 1894, the legislate of Natal was debating the Indian Franchise Bill, which would have taken away Indians’ voting rights. Gandhi was going to move to India bit his employer urged him to stay and lead the fight, and he agreed. He founded the Natal Indian Congress and his campaign succeeded in partially reducing the harshness of the Bill. Yet his constitutional pressures, petitions, and rational persuasion were not making any impact on prejudiced minds. He needed a something else that made an impact on people. Gandhi used his well-known method of satygraha which is a form of non-violent resistance and involved peaceful picketing of registration centres, burning registration cards, courting arrests, and gracefully accepting punishments. Gandhi’s protests resulted in the Indian Relief Act in 1914.
The 21 years in South Africa affected his thoughts. Thought came to no meaning unless it was lived out. This meant that when he came across a new idea he thought whether it was worth living out, and if not he would take no further interest in it. But if the answer was yes then he integrated it into his way of life.
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